By Livia Wanntorp, Louis Ronse De Craene (editors)
Genetic and molecular experiences have lately come to dominate botanical study on the fee of extra conventional morphological methods. This huge creation to trendy flower systematics demonstrates the good capability that floral morphology has to enrich molecular information in phylogenetic and evolutionary investigations. Contributions from specialists in floral morphology and evolution take the reader via examples of ways plant life have diverse in a wide number of lineages of extant and fossil flowering crops. They discover angiosperm origins and the early evolution of vegetation and examine the importance of morphological characters for phylogenetic reconstructions at the tree of existence. the significance of integrating morphology into glossy botanical learn is highlighted via case reports exploring particular plant teams the place morphological investigations are having an immense influence. Examples contain the explanation of phylogenetic relationships and figuring out the importance and evolution of particular floral characters, akin to pollination mechanisms and stamen and carpel numbers.
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Hilton, J. -S. (2003). Reinvestigation of Nystroemia pectiniformis Halle, an enigmatic seed plant from the Late Permian of China. Palaeontology, 46, 29–51. Hizumu, M. (1997). Chromosomes of Ginkgo biloba. pp. , Ridge, R. , Trémouillaux-Guiller, J. and Tobe, H. ), Ginkgo biloba: A Global Treasure. Tokyo: Springer. Holmes, S. (1932). A bisporangiate cone of Tsuga canadensis. Botanical Gazette, 93, 100–102. Husband, B. C. and Schemske, D. W. (1996). Evolution of the magnitude and timing of inbreeding depression in plants.
Is the anthophyte hypothesis alive and well? New evidence from the reproductive structures of Bennettitales. American Journal of Botany, 96, 296–322. Rothwell, G. W. and Mapes, G. (2001). Barthelia furcata gen. et sp. , with a review of Paleozoic coniferophytes and a discussion of coniferophyte systematics. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162, 637–667. Rothwell, G. W. and Serbet, R. (1992). Pollination biology of Elkinsia polymorpha: implications for the origin of the gymnosperms. Courier Forschungs-Institut Senckenburg, 147, 225–231.
G. , 2009). Despite the complaints by Meyroud et€al. (2010, p. 349) of a ‘lack of gymnosperm [LEAFY] mutants’ and by Groth (2010, p. 24) that ‘there are no mutants available for any of the gymnosperm MADS-box genes’, occasional papers have addressed particular terata observed within particular conifer species, such as the mutant cones of Picea abies discussed by Theissen and Becker (2004). , 2011). 3 Teratological female cones of extant conifers showing reversion from reproductive to vegetative growth (a–e), in one case (c) followed by a switch to male expression.