By Dieter Mueller-Dombois
Written by way of the prime specialists at the plant variety and ecology of the Pacific islands, this booklet is a magisterial synthesis of the crops and landscapes of the islands of the Pacific Ocean. it truly is equipped by way of island crew, and comprises details on geography, geology, phytogeographic relationships, and human affects on plants. crops of the Tropical Pacific Islands good points over four hundred colour photos, plus dozens of maps and weather diagrams. The authors’ efforts in assembling the present details into an built-in, entire ebook should be welcomed by way of biogeographers, plant ecologists, conservation biologists, and all scientists with an curiosity in island biology.
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Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands
Written by means of the major gurus at the plant range and ecology of the Pacific islands, this e-book is a magisterial synthesis of the plants and landscapes of the islands of the Pacific Ocean. it's equipped by way of island team, and comprises info on geography, geology, phytogeographic relationships, and human affects on plants.
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Impoverished) New Guinean flora, while the Solomon Islands exhibit an even greater floristic attenuation. 4% ofthe Solomon 22 Chapter 1. 7% are endemic to the Solomons. However, some genera exhibit a high degree of speciation. For example, of the 63 indigenous Ficus species, Comer (1967) determined 23 to be Solomon Island endemics. Some of the New Guinean genera, missing in New Caledonia but present in the Solomons, are Areca, Begonia, Calamus, Campnosperma, Costus, Gnetum, Gonystylus, Licuala, Mangifera, Metroxylon, Myristica, Nypa, Rhododendron, and Xanthophyllum.
New Zealand, whose vegetation has recently been treated in a book by Wardle (1991), is characterized by extreme altitudinal relief and climatic diversity. Its land connections with what is now Australia, and probably also with Antarctica, were severed about 80 million years ago (Raven and Axelrod 1972), presumably before marsupials spread from the South American part of Gondwana and radiated in Australia. This was also long enough ago for the amazing moa group of flightless (ratite) birds to have migrated from Gondwana and then evolved and diversified without competition from mammals in New Zealand.
The southern Marianas and southern Tonga). In the geologically ancient past, some of them may even have erupted on the edges of continental platfonns. Such an origin has been suggested for part of southern Tonga. However, they have since been submerged long enough to have been capped by coral reefs, then uplifted to form limestone platforms, such as Tongatapu. Most of the other oceanic islands originate from the ocean floor as intraplate volcanoes away from the plate boundaries. They typically form shield volcanoes, which are characterized by very gentle slopes when young.