By Mariusz Mojzych, Maged Henary (auth.), Lucjan Strekowski (eds.)
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Additional info for Heterocyclic Polymethine Dyes: Synthesis, Properties and Applications
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Once again, the hybridized probes exhibited lower fluorescence than the single-stranded probe, but the significant finding was that hybridization to oligonucleotides having single mismatches resulted in greater fluorescence than for perfectly matched complements. The reason for this discrimination is unclear, although one possibility is that the mismatched base pair allows the DNA to adapt better to the TO intercalator, creating a more effective binding site for the dye. 2 PNA-Conjugated Dyes The high affinity and sequence selectivity of PNA for complementary DNA and RNA targets [44] has generated great interest in its use in a wide variety of hybridization-based applications [45].
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The net effect is that a fluorescent molecule absorbs light within a molecular-specific absorption band and subsequently emits light isotropically at a longer wavelength. The wavelength shift accompanying fluorescence emission and the isotropic nature of these emissions facilitate discriminating between excited and emitted light in fluorescence measurements [33]. Multiple complementary techniques for tumor detection, including magnetic resonance (MR), scintigraphic, and optical imaging are under active development [34–59].