By Raymond Hickey (eds.)
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In Ireland, and probably in other anglophone countries, supraregionalisation is linked to education and the formation of a middle class, and so it is a process Raymond Hickey 15 which can be largely located in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. For Irish English this has meant that certain features disappeared in the course of the nineteenth century. For instance, the lowering of /e/ before /r/ (historically attested in England in words like dark, barn and of course in county names like Hertfordshire) was very widespread in Ireland and is recorded at the beginning of the nineteenth century in pronunciations like serve /sa:rv/.
3. /au/-fronting A front onset for the diphthong in the MOUTH lexical set is not so much a parallel with Received Pronunciation as with vernacular forms of English, especially in London and the Home Counties. In Ireland this is a feature of Dublin English which fashionable speakers did not dissociate themselves from and hence it has become a part of recent supraregional Irish English. 8 Short Front Vowel Lowering In the above discussion of changes in non-local Dublin English, external influence was not favoured as an explanation.
2 Parallels with British English When considering British English within the context of Irish English, it should be noted that supraregional southern British English is not something which is regarded as worthy of emulation by the Irish, and certainly not in the form of Received Pronunciation. Quite the opposite is the case: for Irish people to imitate a standard southern British English accent would be to make themselves ridiculous in front of their Irish compatriots. 1. Velarisation of syllable-final /l/ The velarised [ë] in non-local Dublin English has a parallel in southern British English though it is not anything like as old.