By Myron Gordon
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Additional info for Pigment Cell Growth. Proceedings of the Third Conference on the Biology of Normal and Atypical Pigment Cell Growth
Example text
Henke (Naturwissenschaften 34, 149, 1947), in analyzing the phenomenon of phenocopy, has distinguished between true and spurious phenocopies. In the present case, the parallelism of the phenotype of dd animals and of h y p o physectomized D — animals is certainly so striking that the existence of a true phenocopy may be suspected. In both cases, the number of melanophores is reduced, their appearance for a certain period of development punctate, epidermal melanophores are missing, and melanophores seem to be restricted to certain regions of the body which are identical in both cases.
Biol. Zoo-Park Woronzowa, M . A. 1929. Arch. Entwicklungsmech. Organ. Moscow 4, 81-105, 107-124. 115, 93-109. Discussion M . GORDON: What is your opinion of the contention of Niu and T w i t t y that macrophages may differentiate into melanophores? H. C. DALTON: Niu and T w i t t y ( / . Exptl. Zodl. 113, 633-643, 1950) have proposed that large numbers of melanophores originate at metamorphosis in Triturus torosus by the transformation of macrophages following ingestion of pigment released by degenerating melanophores of neural crest origin.
T h e two t y p e s c a n be d i s t i n g u i s h e d only b y b r e e d i n g t e s t s . W h e n crossed t o g e t h e r , t h e y yield a n F x generation pre- d o m i n a n t l y w h i t e , b u t showing s o m e black f e a t h e r s b e c a u s e / p l e t e l y d o m i n a n t in t h e h e t e r o z y g o t e s . In the F is i n c o m - g e n e r a t i o n , o n e - q u a r t e r of 2 t h e b i r d s c a r r y C a n d i, a n d h e n c e are colored. I n b o t h t h e s e g e n e t i c a l l y different b u t p h e n o t y p i c a l l y i d e n t i c a l t y p e s of white, melanophores that p r o d u c e g r a n u l e s of black melanin have o b s e r v e d in t h e cells of e m b r y o s b y D o r r i s ( 1 9 3 8 ) a n d H a m i l t o n been (1940).