By Novartis Foundation(eds.)
Dengue virus is a member of the Flaviviridae kinfolk, such as viruses linked to human ailments akin to yellow fever, jap encephalitis and hepatitis C. Dengue fever is transmitted by way of mosquitoes, mostly Aedes aegypti. There are 4 serotypes of dengue virus, of which DENV-2 has been the main conventional in lots of contemporary epidemics. Following basic an infection, lifelong immunity develops, combating repeated attack by way of a similar serotype. although, the non-neutralizing antibodies from a prior an infection or maternally got antibodies are proposal to shape complexes with a special serotype in the course of a next an infection and reason dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue surprise syndrome, which might be deadly. there isn't any remedy or vaccine to be had at the present time which could strive against this rising and out of control affliction.
This booklet good points contributions from the world’s major researchers engaged on dengue and comparable flaviviruses who learn the present cutting-edge within the molecular biology of the dengue virus. specific emphasis is put on the constitution and serve as of the virus and the concentrating on of virus proteins by means of capability antiviral brokers. The pathogenesis of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever are mentioned intimately, particularly the objective cells and the categorical receptors on those cells, thereby constructing a transparent evaluate of host and viral components that give a contribution to dengue haemorrhagic fever. Finally, the publication experiences the healing recommendations, paying specific awareness to ways that vector, host and setting can play a serious position within the unfold of this illness.
With dengue fever and different rising viral ailments turning into more and more frequent world wide, this publication offers precious perception into the virus that factors this illness and strength how one can deal with it. It is essential analyzing for all these operating in tropical illnesses, public overall healthiness and virology.
Praise from the reviews:
"The booklet offers a good precis of dengue/flavivirus learn and is critical for people and associations drawn to rising infectious diseases." MICROBIOLOGY TODAYContent:
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Additional info for New Treatment Strategies for Dengue and Other Flaviviral Diseases: Novartis Foundation Symposium 277
Sample text
In mosquito-borne flaviviruses, the cHP is located 12–16 nucleotides downstream of the first AUG (Fig. 2A), which is in a poor initiation context. Through mutagenic analysis, we demonstrated that the DENV-2 cHP functions in start site selection in human hepatoma (Hep3B) and Ae. albopictus mosquito (C6/36) cells, directing first AUG usage proportional to its stability in a position-dependent and sequence-independent manner (Clyde & Harris 2006). This is consistent with a previously proposed mechanism whereby RNA secondary structure 12–15 nucleotides downstream of a start codon in a poor initiation context can enhance recognition of the suboptimal codon (Kozak 1989, 1990) by causing the scanning initiation machinery to pause at the structural element in order to unwind it, allowing the ribosome to remain in contact with a start codon in a poor initiation context (Kozak 1990, 1991).
Zinkernagel: In very general terms serotypes would not exist if cross-protective antibodies played any major role. I would rather take the opposite position: while in dengue we might not understand these common low titre ones versus the more serotype-defined specificity, so-called ‘cross-protective’ antibodies don’t exist. Gubler: It is not cross-protective, but it probably down-regulates the illness and the viraemia. Zinkernagel: In immunology, we like to use words such as ‘regulation’ and ‘networks’.
Titres were normalized to transfection efficiency as determined by qRT-PCR at 2 h post-transfection. Viral titres are expressed as plaque-forming units per ml (PFU/ml) from IC-transfected Hep3B cells. One log reflects the limit of detection of a standard plaque assay. Error bars indicate SD; data derived from four experiments. (D) Viral titres from IC-transfected C6/36 cells. Methods and graph as in C; data are derived from four experiments. 10 100 1,000 ND Hep3B (Human Hepatoma) Cells 10,000 PFU/ml C plt22ps by D.