By Lucas Reijnders
Biofuels for highway shipping: A Seed to Wheel Perspective presents a evaluation of the historical past, the present prestige and the influence of biofuels utilized in street delivery, around the complete ‘seed-to-wheel’ lifestyles cycle of those fuels. Successive chapters hide many matters suitable to the present debate on biofuels, reminiscent of rate, festival with foodstuff construction, contribution to power defense, use of common assets, and environmental effect. the ultimate bankruptcy addresses universal matters approximately biofuels, together with questions about sustainability and executive policy.
Biofuels for highway shipping: A Seed to Wheel Perspective is a precious reference for pro engineers, researchers and postgraduate scholars desirous about biofuels, renewable power (including bioenergy) and the car industry.
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2007). The second is plug-in hybrid cars, which in their life cycle energy use may have an advantage over current hybrid cars (Samaras and Meisterling 2008). 1 Volume of Biofuel Production 25 6 3 Bioethanol production in 2006 (10 m ) Some companies operating means of public transport which use electric traction have opted for ‘green electricity’, which may include biomass-based electricity production. No data have been found that allow a worldwide estimate of biomass-based electricity in electric traction.
Energ Fuel 21:1183–1187 Bocher BT, Agler MT, Garcia ML, Beers AR, Angenent LT (2008) Anaerobic digestion of secondary residuals from an anaerobic bioreactor at a brewery to enhance bioenergy generation. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 35:321–329 Boer R, Wasrin UR, Perdinan, Hendri, Dasanto BD, Makundi W, Hero J, Ridwan M, Masripatin N (2007) Assessment of carbon leakage in multiple carbon-sink projects: a case study in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Mitigation Adaptation Strategies Global Change 12:1169–1188 Borgwardt RH (1999) Transportation fuel from cellulosic biomass: a comparative assessment of ethanol and methanol options.
2005; Mikkonen 2008). For these reasons, the designations first and second generation will not be further used. It seems likely that biofuels made from substances that may also serve as food or feed will dominate the supply in the near future. Plans for other types of biofuel, when implemented, will by 2010 probably not be able to supply more than 1% of overall biofuel production, and such biofuels are unlikely to allow for large-scale replacement of biofuels from substances such as sugar, starch and edible vegetable oil before 2020 (Gibbs et al.