When all the gods trembled: Darwinism, Scopes, and American by Paul Keith. Conkin

By Paul Keith. Conkin

With attribute eloquence and perception, renowned historian Paul ok. Conkin explores huge, certainly cosmic matters in whilst all of the Gods Trembled. Conkin focuses his research at the quite a few demanding situations within the overdue 19th and early 20th century to age-old ideals within the lifestyles of a god, in a global that shows a few extrinsic or intrinsic objective, within the divine beginning and detailed future of people, and in transcendent ethical values. by way of the Nineteen Twenties, those demanding situations had created a big obstacle of faith.Conkin strains the origins of Western ideals in regards to the gods and approximately human origins, ideals shared by way of the 3 nice Semitic religions. He proceeds with a looking and unique research of Charles Darwin's starting place of Species, rejecting traditional understandings of Darwin with the intention to probe the logical credentials of his thesis and its implications for Christian theology. From Darwin he strikes to the deep rifts that constructed among American orthodox, evangelical, and fundamentalist Christians at the one hand and liberals and modernists at the different. those tensions created the large public curiosity within the Scopes trial of 1925, which gives the topic of a revealing chapter.The ultimate chapters concentrate on the highbrow debates in the course of and instantly after the well-known trial. One comprises a discussion one of the such a lot consultant and vocal Christian intellectuals within the 1920s—the orthodox E. Gresham Machen, the liberal Harry Emerson Fosdick, and the modernist Shailer Matthews. The final bankruptcy contains short vignettes of a various workforce of intellectuals who rejected any model of theism, together with John Dewey, George Santayana, Harry Elmer Barnes, John Crowe Ransom, Walter Lippmann, and Joseph wooden Krutch.Conkin's survey finds a level of the public's disillusionment with American intellectuals in this serious interval. the elemental topics of Western civilization have been crumbling, and americans needed to hand over on one consoling walk in the park after one other. The loss used to be nice an

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The Gnostics lost. If they had won, Christianity would have been a very different religion, and the Genesis stories, the basic Jewish view of origins, would never have become central to the new religion. Complicating the images of god even more was the intimidating role of Greek philosophy. The Greeks, more than earlier peoples, began asking probing questions about the nature of reality. Some flirted with a deep skepticism about any truth claims. Many turned away, in disbelief, from the polytheistic gods of Olympus.

Possibly not. He knew what all students learnthat the sweet but dangerous fruit of knowledge is very addictive. If we feast long enough on it, we will join in killing all our tribal godsthat is, all personlike, willful, gendered gods. Thus, one logical answer is that Jehovah sought to preserve Adam and Eve's innocence, not out of solicitude for them, but in an effort to protect himself. Had Adam and Eve eaten of the tree of life, with its gift of immortality, and still retained their ability to procreate, Jehovah would indeed have been endangered.

Both Saul and David became involved in wild dances, in which they joined with ecstatic bands of prophets, even stripping off their clothes and dancing naked. Male prostitutes frequented rural shrines. Even the sons of the prophet Samuel had sexual intercourse with women who served at the entrance to the tabernacle that contained the ark of the covenant (this means that the early religion still featured temple prostitution, like many of the Canaanite cults). Ghosts and spirits abounded. Oblique references suggest the late survival of human sacrifices.

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