A Colour Handbook of Urinary Stones in Small Animal Medicine by Albrecht Hesse, Reto Neiger

By Albrecht Hesse, Reto Neiger

The color instruction manual offers with all elements of urolithiasis in canines, cats, rabbits and guinea pigs—from aetiology and pathogenesis to analysis, therapy and the prevention of illness recurrence. The authors introduce the reader to remedy protocols constructed from their very own learn and adventure, and comprise overseas state of the art wisdom of the disorder. subject matters coated within the color instruction manual comprise epidemiology, dangers in spouse animal husbandry, species-specific variations, breed tendencies, genetic factors, suitable anatomical issues, scientific prognosis, stone composition, medical pathology and remedy protocols. the color guide is a compact, large ranging illustrated consultant to facing urinary stones in small animals, of worth to veterinarians in education and perform.

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At what point during urination is blood observed? • D oes the animal exhibit any pain, and is any urine passed at all? 25 Plugs at the tip of the penis of a tomcat with a urinary tract obstruction. 36 CHAPTER 1 Overview of urinary stones During the clinical examination, a carefitl abdominal palpation is essential. Bladder stones can sometimes be palpated. Rectal palpation is indicated in both male and female dogs, and stones or other changes can sometimes be felt in the urethra. In the event of a urinary tract obstruction, animals are often in a poor general condition (lateral recumbency, bradycardia , and sh ock) and intravenous fluid therapy with a balanced elecu'olyte solution is indicated .

Ared aken es . 1 0 (a) Infrared s ectrum of a Nhewellite urinary :-one. (b) Infrared spectrum of a cystine stone. II I! ~ - the ~ J 65 40 , S 4000,0 400,0 cm- 1 Table 9 Summary of infrared spectrometry results of urinary stones taken from dogs from various European countries. 5 Norway 32 CHAPTER 1 Overview of urinary stones 21 Request form r---- Analysis of animal urinary calculi with infrared (IR) spectroscopy Sender (Please use capital letters or stamp) Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Albrecht Hesse Centre for Analysis of Urinary Calculi, Bonn Theaterplatz 14 ~ D - 53177 Bonn Tel: +492289573716, Fax: +49 228 9573721 ~ J ~ Date received: I I Ref no of IR lab: I Please do not send urine or blood samples!

0 bstructions are more common in male than in female animals. A urinary tract obstruction should be treated as an emergency; untreated cases result in a rapid deterioration in the general status and may even prove life-threatening due to shifts in the electrolyte and acid- base balances. A urethral obstruction can cause shock with reduced perfusion, which in turn leads to azotaemia, metabolic acidosis, hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia, and hypocalcaemia. Reduced hydrogen ion excretion results in metabolic acidosis.

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