By Beatrice M. Sweeney
First observations: the styles of plant circulation; a quick dictionary for college kids of rhythms; Rhythms that fit environmental periodicities: day and evening; Rhythms that fit environmental periodicities: tidal, semi-lunar and lunar cycles; Rhythms that fit environmental periodicities: the yr; Rhythms which don't fit environmental periodicities; The mobilephone department cycle; The mechanism for the iteration of oscillations, fairly people with a circadian interval
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Example text
As we shall see later, inhibitors of protein synthesis shift the phase of the circadian rhythm in oxygen evolution in Acetabularia, and also in the eye oiAplysia, a sea slug, and in the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax. Thus, a protein or several proteins may be impor tant components of the clock. Circadian Rhythms in Algae 47 Vanden Driessche in Brussels has also carried out a long series of experiments on Acetabularia. She has found that the shape of the chloroplasts changes in time with the rhythm in photosyn thesis, these organelles being longer during the light phase, both in LD and in LL, whether or not the cells are enucleated (Vanden Driessche, 1966a; Vanden Driessche and Hars, 1972a, b).
There was no photoreversal by far-red light, thus phytochrome is not the photoreceptor in this case. It is both interesting and important to understand rhythms in biochemical terms. In succulents, the uptake of C0 2 at night and its release and refixation by photosynthesis during the day are well known from this point of view, since the process has at tracted attention as an example of an adaptation to a dry climate. This process allows the stornata to remain closed during the day and thus conserves water.
It was clear that these changes in morphology, like cell division itself, all occurred at certain defined times and were in fact also controlled by the circadian clock (Sweeney, 1982). In both Gonyaulax and Pyrocystis, there are changes in the plastids that show a circadian rhythmicity. During the day the chloroplasts of Gonyaulax in the inner part of the cell have 56 3. Rhythms That Match Environmental Periodicities a Fig. 14. Light micrograph of Pyrocystis fusiformis taken (a) during the day phase of thefirstday after cell division and (b) during the subsequent night phase (B.