By Professor Dr.-Ing. Hugo Fastl, Professor Dr.-Ing. Eberhard Zwicker (auth.)
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Extra resources for Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models
Sample text
4 Bark, independent of frequency. The unit "Bark" corresponds to the width of one critical band as outlined in Sect. 2. Some SOAEs are not very stable in level. An emission appearing before a weekend may not be found afterwards, and vice versa. Even during the same day, spontaneous emission levels can vary distinctly. The frequencies of the spontaneous emissions, however, are very stable. Although emissions disappear, they show up again at almost the same frequency. The variation in frequency is less than 1% and in most cases it is only a few parts per thousand.
S Q , I~ ~ iN (1/. "· 'fI~ .. ·... ''i l'o~~o , .... __ 48 time time Fig. 17a, b. Sound pressure versus time functions for delayed evoked otoacoustic ernistiions produced by Gaussian-shaped tone bursts of different levels, expressed in sensation level, SL. The difference from trace to trace is 6dB. In part (a) , the gain of the amplifier is reduced in the same way as the sensation level is increased. This leads to a level-independent time function for the stimulus. In part (b), the gain is kept constant leading to increasing amplitude of the time function of the stimulus.
Moreover, a spontaneous emission that has disappeared, has been measured as a relatively strong simultaneously evoked emission during the same day. Further, spontaneous emissions can also be measured as simultaneously evoked emissions, an effect that also indicates that the source of the three kinds of emissions may be the same. An impressive effect, leading to the same conclusion, is the strong relation between the spectral composition of the emissions and the fine structure of the threshold measured in quiet as a function of frequency.