Prairie Grasses Identified and Described by Vegetative by Jan Looman

By Jan Looman

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30:290-298. , and Carlson, D. , 1985, lnduction of proline-rich glycoprotein synthesis in mouse salivary glands by isoproterenol and by tannins, J Biol. Chem. 260:4418-4423. , 1985, Quantitative estimation of the surface carhohydrates on the infection structures of ru~t fungi with enzymes and lectins, Arch. Microbiol. 140:307-311. Mims, C. , and Richardson, E. , 1989, Ultrastructure of appressorium development by basidiospore germlings of the rust fungus Gymnosporangiumjuniperi-virginianae, Protoplasma 148:111-119.

1967), the fungus forms an appressorium. 4. Hast-Pathogen lnteractions In addition to being involved in the induction of infection structures, adhesion seems tobe required for penetration by the mature infection structure. , 1979). , 1982) and infection cushions (Armentraut and Downer, 1987), are also tightly adhered to the plant surface. The adhesive material may also be important for other host-pathogen interactions. Adhesives, or other extracellular compounds, may enhance the physical contact between fungal toxins or enzymes which result in chemical alteration or debilitation of the host.

1 • Adhesion of Fungi to the Plant Surface 11 Bipolaris sorokiniana (Pringle, 1981), a galactosaminoglycan appears to serve as a surfacebinding compound while on C. graminicola appressoria, a "hemicellulose" is apparently involvcd in adhesion (Lapp and Skoropad, 1978). , 1982), Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. palmivora zoospores (Hinch and Clarke, 1980; Sing and Bartnicki-Garcia, 1975b), and Candida albicans cells (McCourtie and Douglas, 1985). In some cases where fungi adhere to roots, nematodes, other fungi, or animal cells, adhesion is mediated by Ieetin binding to specific haptens.

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