By Kent Eaton
"This booklet makes an important contribution by means of synthesizing themes (legislators, celebration platforms, bureaucracies, executive-legislative relatives, and public coverage) and areas (Latin the US and Asia) that aren't often in comparison. [It] applies quite a lot of tools, from following money owed via legislatures to interviewing neighborhood actors and gathering neighborhood scholarship and archival materials."—Gretchen Casper, Penn nation college "Given the great difficulties as a result of recurrent price range deficits in lots of constructing nations at the present time, the book’s concentrate on financial coverage is very well timed. somebody involved in the connection among associations and coverage will reap the benefits of studying this glorious booklet, as will these involved extra regularly with economics and politics in Argentina or the Philippines."—Mark P. Jones, Michigan nation college As financial reform in constructing nations has shifted from macroeconomic stabilization to liberalization, possibilities for legislators to steer the method and final result of reform have elevated and their position has turn into extra very important. This e-book focuses consciousness on changes in institutional constitution, in political events and electoral principles, to teach how they bring incentives which could clarify the various ways that legislators reply to coverage tasks from the administrative department. In Argentina and the Philippines, presidents proposed comparable monetary reforms within the Nineteen Nineties: increasing tax bases, strengthening tax management, and remodeling tax revenue-sharing with subnational governments. Drawing on archival examine and interviews with policymakers, Kent Eaton follows the trail of laws in those 3 components from preliminary notion to ultimate legislation to bare the way it was once formed by way of the legislators engaging within the strategy. hindrances to the adoption of reform, he demonstrates, are higher in candidate-centered platforms just like the Philippines’ (where the cultivation of non-public reputations is paramount) than in party-centered structures like Argentina’s (where loyalty to get together leaders is emphasized). to check his argument additional, Eaton seems to be eventually at other forms of reform ventured in those nations and at tax reforms tried in another nations.
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Additional info for Politicians and Economic Reform in New Democracies: Argentina and the Philippines in the 1990s
Sample text
University of Notre Dame, 1994). See also Angel Yoingco and Regina de Guzman, Public Finance and the Philippine Constitutions (Manila: Lyceum of the Philippines, 1994). 57. Matthew Shugart and Stephan Haggard, “Institutions and Public Policy in Presidential Systems,” in Haggard and McCubbins, Presidents, Parliaments, and Policy, 76. Eaton Chapter 1 5/13/02 12:09 AM Page 26 26 INTRODUCTION developing countries. This transformation has challenged the various ways that politicians used fiscal policy in the period of state-led industrialization to grant particular favors to their supporters.
Eaton Chapter 1 5/13/02 12:09 AM Page 23 WHY STUDY LEGISLATORS AND ECONOMIC REFORM? 23 Argentine legislature did indeed shape the country’s policy transformation in this “least likely” case, then similar studies of legislative behavior in other countries are merited. Argentina is a particularly interesting example of a party-centered system because the party leaders who write party lists and control legislators’ career prospects represent both the national and provincial party organizations. In other party-centered systems, such as Venezuela’s after 1958, control over candidate selection remained more centralized among the leaders of the national party organization, who did not compete with subnational party leaders for influence over legislators.
Arguing for the importance of institutional factors, however, does not require ignoring these structural differences. No one structural factor can offer as compelling an account of reform differences between these two countries as do the differences in party and electoral incentives, but certain structural conditions may accentuate or dampen the role of these incentives. To be persuasive, institutional approaches must remain sensitive to the various ways that institutional rules and structural realities interact.