Physics of Superionic Conductors by M. B. Salamon (auth.), Professor Myron B. Salamon PhD (eds.)

By M. B. Salamon (auth.), Professor Myron B. Salamon PhD (eds.)

Superionic conductors are solids whose ionic conductivities process, and from time to time exceed, these of molten salts and electrolyte ideas. this suggests an un­ traditional nation of subject within which a few atoms have approximately liquidlike mobility whereas others hold their ordinary crystalline association. This liquid-solid duality has a lot attract condensed subject physicists, and the coincident improvement of robust new tools for learning disordered solids and curiosity in superionic conductors for technical functions has led to a brand new surge of job during this venerable box. it's the objective of this ebook to summarize the present re­ seek within the physics of superionic conduction. with exact emphasis on these elements which set those fabrics except different solids. the quantity is aimed to­ wards the fabrics neighborhood and should, we predict, stimulate additional study on those most likely priceless ingredients. the standard characterization of the superionic section lists excessive ionic conductivity; low activation power; and the open constitution of the crystal, with its interconne­ ted community of vacant websites to be had to at least one ionic species. to those, as we demon­ strate during this quantity, may be further very important dynami~ and collective effect~: the absence of well-defined optical lattice modes, the presence of a pervasive, low-energy excitation, an infrared height within the frequency-dependent conductivity, strange NMR prefactors, part transitions, and a powerful tendency for the cellular ion to be discovered among allowed sites.

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67 per site. 65] in the octahedral location, showing that, even in the high temperature superionic phase of PbF 2 , there is a preference for the tetrahedral locations. 2 as well as an anomalous loss in intensity of the Bragg peaks with increasing temperature. 6. HARADA et al. 38] have proposed an anharmonic model to fit their neutron data on single crystal y-CuBr up to about 300°C. 62] on the Cu K edge were collected and reduced in a manner similar to that on CuI. Only the y phase was studied.

10). The ions in superionic conductors do come close together since the mobile ions must squeeze through the faces of polyhedra to move from one site to another. 12) is not adequate is found by CAVA et al. 5], in analyzing their neutron diffraction data on a-AgIo They find that even fourthorder terms in the anharmonic potential have to be included and are significant. The importance of these higher order terms has also been pointed out by HARADA et al. 38]. in the case of CuBr. So the anharmonic model with only cubic terms does not appear to be sufficient.

A a. 10). 36], and only a few such calculations have been performed. Approximations are essential. The most widely accepted one is the independent oscillator model with anharmonic terms. The fact that the mobile ions actually move from their lattice sites implies a strong anharmonicity in the potential felt by these ions, whereas anharmonicity may be small for the immobile ions. The use of an Einstein oscillator model is appropriate since the superionic phase is well above the Oebye temperature in these materials.

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