By Gosta Ekspong
This quantity is a set of the Nobel Lectures added through the prizewinners, including their biographies, graphics and the presentation speeches for the interval 1991 - 1995. every one Nobel Lecture relies at the paintings that gained the prize. those volumes of inspiring lectures via extraordinary physicists may be at the bookshelf of each willing pupil, instructor and professor of physics in addition to these in similar fields.
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Additional info for Physics, 1991-1995
Sample text
VIII). Consider thus an atom which is at rest in the point r = 0 and which emits radiation of constant frequency v. Fronts of constant phase are then emitted at intervals T =- , v (12) and the fronts may be supposed to start at times t = t + kT, k 0 k = 0, 1, 2 , . . At any time t the fronts are distributed as a system of concentric spheres around the point r = 0. 1. MOVING SOURCE 35. If the emitting atom moves with a constant velocity v the position of the atom at the time t is given by r(í) = yt and the wave fronts will be eccentric spheres with centres r = vt .
It follows from (16) or (17) that in an arrangement of the type used by Fizeau the time T(é) of to and fro journey of the light signal should vary with the angle •& subtended by the direction of the light path with the velocity vector v with which the arrangement moves relatíve to the ether. The difference between c and c is too small to be observable directly, but it can be observed using an interferometric method. Indeed, having an interferometer with arms l and / , adjusting l parallel and / perpendicular to v we calculate with the help of (16) a difference in the running times 0 x 2 x 2 Á T r = ^ w - ^ W - ( 1 9 ) Developing in powers of v /c and neglecting terms of higher orders, we find alsó 2 j r 2 _ % z U ( 1 + í A .
39. Since the ordinary Doppler effect described by (15) can be observed on moving mirror images the question arises whether relation (15) has to be replaced by (16) in the case of observing a source through a moving mirror. Thus the question may be raised whether a moving mirror image shows a perpendicular Doppler effect? The latter question can be answered in the negatíve as the result of the following consideration. On viewing a distant star through a mirror and tilting the mirror slightly, the image of the distant star will move with an enormous velocity.