By Brian Harvey, Anton Baer, Joachim Carolsfeld, Carmen Ross
Fish species that migrate in the nice rivers of South the USA help vital neighborhood fisheries yet are little identified outdoor their local diversity. This publication, written in particular for the area financial institution and the overseas improvement learn Centre, represents the 1st number of clinical specialists on those outstanding fish. The authors conceal the higher Parana, Paraguay-Parana, Uruguay and Sao Francisco basins in Brazil, in addition to the Brazilian and Colombian Amazon. They talk about not just the primary migratory species and their attention-grabbing courting with the water cycle within the rivers and wetlands, but additionally the fisheries they help, and their usually precarious conservation prestige.
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Additional info for Migratory Fishes of South America: Biology, Fisheries and Conservation Status
Sample text
Spawning In the Upper Paraná, as in other tropical floodplain rivers, the flood pulse is the primary factor in fish reproduction. 55 All the migratory species considered in this study are broadcast spawners (external fertilisation without parental care) and generally show total spawning, releasing all of the oocytes at the same time. Migratory fishes may shed a great number of eggs – from 52,000 by P. maculatus to 2,600,000 by S. maxillosus – in fast-moving waters, in which the water movement facilitates gamete mixing and fertilisation.
77 Details of the migration patterns of most of the other species, especially the big catfishes (P. corruscans, P. luetkeni and P. pirinampu) are still unknown. It appears nonetheless that flooding is also important in stimulating their migration and spawning. Complete understanding of these mechanisms, differences between species, and requirements for critical spawning and nursery areas require more study. , 1997 Agostinho, unpublished data Agostinho et al. , 1993b MIGRATORY FISHES OF SOUTH AMERICA 45 belonging to the Siluriformes (catfish).
It grows up to 63 cm, and is a nocturnal piscivore, feeding in lotic and lentic habitats. The first maturation is reached at 30 cm and spawning occurs in December and January, including November in some years, during the flood period. 86 Leporinus elongatus L. elongatus, known in Brazil as piapara, is a medium-sized characid (maximum length = 61 cm) that reaches first maturation at 27 cm. 87 Juveniles are found in marginal lagoons of the river. Artisanal and sport fisheries target this species, and in cities along the Paraná River bank fishing tournaments for piapara are common.