By Anju Saxena, Lars Borin
We don't this present day know the way the language state of affairs in a multilingual area akin to South Asia should be stricken by sleek details and communique applied sciences: Will linguistic variety be reinforced or weakened as they develop into more and more widespread in all walks of existence? In an try and tackle this question, this quantity brings jointly articles on South Asian descriptive linguistics and sociolinguistics, documentary linguistics, problems with highbrow and cultural estate and fieldwork ethics, and language expertise. Our objective in doing this can be to supply the reader with a few simple wisdom concerning the difficulties concerned and a few instructions from which ideas can be approaching.
Read or Download Lesser-Known Languages of South Asia: Status and Policies, Case Studies and Applications of Information Technology (Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs 175) PDF
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Extra resources for Lesser-Known Languages of South Asia: Status and Policies, Case Studies and Applications of Information Technology (Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs 175)
Sample text
Singh 1992), identified 75 “major languages” out of a total of 325 languages used in Indian households. Ethnologue (Gordon 2005), too, reports India as home for 398 languages, including 387 living and 11 extinct languages. Since as early as in the 1990s, India was reported to have at least 32 languages with a large population base of one million plus speakers. In fact, all seven countries of South Asia put together are considered as the third most linguistically populous area (Nettle 1999), after Papua New Guinea in Asia and the African region of Ivory Coast to Tanzania; South Asia is comparable only with Mexico in the new world (Grimes 1993).
This is paradoxical in view of the fact that India is otherwise well developed in both general and science education. 39 Compared to other South Asian nations40 gender inequity in literacy remains a serious problem in India with female literacy at 54% trailing way behind male literacy in India which was 76% (Census 2001). The lowest female literacy recorded was in Bihar, but the widest gender gap in literacy was in Rajasthan. g. 7% growth), and even Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Punjab (at around 10–11%).
Western Hindi is a Midland Indo-Aryan language, spoken in the Gangetic plain and in the region immediately to its north and south. Around it, on three sides, are Panjabi, Gujarati, Rajasthani. Eastern Hindi is spoken in Oudh and to its south. In the outer layer, we get languages such as Kashmiri, Lahnda, Sindhi, Gujarati, Marathi, in the northern and the western region, and Oriya, Maithili, Bengali and Assamese in the east. The word Dravidian was first used by Robert A. Caldwell (1856), who introduced the Sanskrit word Dravida to designate the speech community.