By E. Torenbeek, H. Wittenberg
This textbook offers an creation, with vast ancient notes, to the significant disciplines of aeronautics. the foundations of utilized aerodynamics, plane propulsion, flight performances, balance and regulate of traditional subsonic airplane are augmented by way of overviews of helicopter know-how and excessive velocity flight. Overviews of the background of aviation and simple aeronautical phrases are through descriptions of the foremost disciplines interested in airplane flight mechanics. those are mentioned in 5 chapters facing low velocity aerodynamic homes (lift and drag) of wings, airplane engines and propulsion, performances, and balance and keep an eye on of plane. The final chapters take care of helicopter aerodynamics and flight mechanics, and issues of excessive velocity (transonic and supersonic) flight. with the intention to retain the introductory personality there's an equivalent volume of uncomplicated formulation and explanatory textual content. even though difficulties and their ideas should not offered, there are many possibilities for academics to extract fabric for practising and exam.
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Extra info for Flight Physics: Essentials of Aeronautical Disciplines and Technology, with Historical Notes
Sample text
Especially, the DC-6 was an economical aircraft and later types, such as the DC-7, were derived from it. The Super Constellation and the DC-7C were equipped with turbo-compound piston engines, featuring exhaust-mounted turbines for the delivery of extra shaft power. These engines were economic on fuel consumption, but less reliable due to their high complexity. The last generation of pistonengine powered commercial aircraft reached cruise airspeeds of approximately 550 km/h. Fuel-efficient turboprop aircraft raised the cruise speed to around 650 km/h in the 1950s.
24 The Bell X-1, the first aeroplane to exceed the speed of sound, on October 14th, 1947. 23,500 m and the Lockheed SR-71A even achieved an altitude of 26,000 m in 1971 at almost 3,500 km/h, more than three times the velocity of sound. Experimental aircraft with rocket propulsion have further pushed the limits of speed and altitude. 72 times the velocity of sound. In 1963, the X-15 performed a flight at a maximum altitude of 108 km, though because the majority of this nearly ballistic flight was performed in extremely thin air, this could hardly be called aviation.
22). Some of these planes could reach speeds of 800 km/h and altitudes of 12,000 m, performances that were made possible by piston engines with over 1,500 kW of power. These aircraft were of the utmost importance during the Second World War. In Chapter 5 attention will be paid to the early developments of jet propulsion, for which several applications were suggested as early as the 18th and 19th centuries. The Frenchman Henri Coanda exhibited a biplane in 1910 with a ducted fan – though it was never flown – and in 1913 the Frenchman René Lorin patented his aero-thermodynamic duct (“athodyd”).