By A O McKinnon; et al
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Extra info for Equine reproduction
Sample text
The text is divided into three main sections: the mare, the stallion, and the neonate. Each is equally important to veterinarians involved in equine reproductive practice. Too often, interest in the mare wanes once her pregnancy is diagnosed. Monitoring of pregnancy and neonatal care are areas of prime importance, because presumably the aim of any breeding program is to produce viable offspring. In addition, education regarding stallion reproductive physiology and management is alarmingly sparse, and the stallion is often neglected despite being half the fertility equation.
Average cord length in Thoroughbreds is between 36 and 83 cm. Unusually long cords (>80 cm) have been associated with hypoperfusion of the allantochorion and may be prone to cord torsion, which may contribute to fetal strangulation, hypoxia, death, and abortion. Excessively short cords place increased traction on the placenta during delivery and may predispose to premature placental separation. Not all abnormalities cause fetal compromise, but should increase scrutiny of an affected live foal so that any necessary intervention can occur without delay.
Mares with hydramnion develop less dramatic abdominal distention over a more prolonged time course of weeks to months. Palpation per rectum reveals a large, fluiddistended uterus. It is often difficult or impossible to feel the fetus. The condition is confirmed via transabdominal ultrasonography. A large volume of clear fetal fluids is observed. Hydrops allantois tends to be more life-threatening for the mare due to its rapid onset and the excessive volume of fluids that accumulate (sometimes in excess of 100 L).