By David H Guston
Combining political-economic, sociological, and old techniques, Professor Guston offers a coherent new framework for examining the altering courting among politics and technological know-how within the usa. After international warfare II, the "social agreement for technology" assumed that the integrity and productiveness of analysis have been automated; a trust that persisted for 4 many years. yet within the Eighties, circumstances of misconduct in technology and flagging monetary functionality broke the belief among politics and technology. New "boundary corporations" have been created to fix the connection among scientists and politicians.
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Additional resources for Between Politics and Science : Assuring the Productivity and Integrity of Research
Sample text
Becomes ever more important (Cozzens, Healey, Rip, and Ziman 1990). My account of science policy is concerned with the structure of science policy - with its relatively durable processes and institutions - rather than with its budgets, which may be alternatively incremental or irrelevantly volatile. 1 Roughly put, principal-agent theory as applied to science policy means the government is the principal who requests the agent - science - to perform certain tasks because the principal is not capable of performing them directly.
But the same patent also represents to a policy maker the prospect of a commercial pharmaceutical, and the policy maker treats this kind of research more generously as it produces more patents. " In Moore's historical account of public interest organizations such as the Scientists' Institute for Public Information, the relationship between politics and science is the crucial site of boundary work. 29 The organization became the boundary object. 30 As Gieryn (1995) points out, the extent and productiveness of boundary work in Jasanoff's account varies among cases.
In practice, such decisions are rarely unidimensional; that is, decisions about military versus civilian research, for example, often contain elements of the choice between peerreviewed versus earmarked research as well. Although these choices are important ones in science policy, this book will not dwell on them because they are derivative of the questions of integrity and productivity, properly conceived. Questions of the integrity and productivity of science must be asked and answered across each of the dimensions of choice listed.