By Jose Jalife, Mario Delmar, Justus Anumonwo, Omer Berenfeld, Jerome Kalifa(auth.)
This booklet interprets primary wisdom in simple cardiac electrophysiology from the bench to the bedside. Revised and up-to-date for its moment variation, the textual content deals new insurance of the molecular mechanisms of ion channel habit and its legislation, advanced arrhythmias, and the broadening roles of units and ablation. transparent, trouble-free reasons are illustrated through considerable diagrams to make the fabric obtainable to the non-specialist.Content:
Chapter 1 Bioelectricity (pages 7–42):
Chapter 2 Ion Channels (pages 43–71):
Chapter three Ion Channel rules (pages 72–91):
Chapter four Impulse Initiation and Propagation in Cardiac Muscle (pages 92–120):
Chapter five fee Dependency of Discontinuous Propagation (pages 121–151):
Chapter 6 easy Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmias (pages 152–190):
Chapter 7 Rotors, Spirals, and Scroll Waves within the center (pages 191–223):
Chapter eight Rotors and the Mechanisms of Atrial traumatic inflammation (pages 224–253):
Chapter nine Molecular Mechanisms of Ventricular traumatic inflammation (pages 254–275):
Chapter 10 Inheritable Arrhythmogenic illnesses (pages 276–315):
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Extra info for Basic Cardiac Electrophysiology for the Clinician, Second Edition
Example text
The issue can be a bit confusing when discussing chloride currents. In this case, a negatively charged ion, or anion, is moving across the membrane. Because by convention we follow the direction of positive charges, in the case of a chloride ion, the direction of current is opposite to the actual direction in which the ion moves. , a negative charge leaving the cell is equal to a positive charge entering the cell). When tracings of cell currents are shown, inward currents are depicted as downward deflections, whereas outward currents are conventionally depicted as upward deflections.
Ion exchangers, on the other hand, do not depend directly on metabolic energy but use the electrochemical gradient of one ion species to translocate another ion across the lipid bilayer. Ion channels, pumps, and exchangers are important to the cardiac electrophysiologist because of their role in excitation and contraction and also because they are targets of therapeutic drugs used in the treatment of arrhythmias. Ion channels are all characterized by two fundamental properties. First, in the face of an appropriate stimulus, ion channels open or close, a property known as gating.
Although tonic contraction is indeed very important for the normal physiology of skeletal muscle, it would have fatal consequences if it were present in the heart. 16 Refractory period. (a) Changes in the amplitude of the threshold current (Ith) during the action potential. (b) Voltage recording during the action potential. From the moment of rapid depolarization and until the end of the plateau phase (red bar), a second action potential cannot be generated regardless of the amplitude of the current input (absolute refractory period; ARP).