Atmospheric Oxidation and Antioxidants, Vol. 2 by G. Scott

By G. Scott

This quantity examines the oxidation chemistry of carbon-based fabrics in additional aspect with emphasis at the technological phenomena that end result from the assault of oxygen and the sensible tactics built to avoid them.

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0500Â 4000 3500 3000 \ Sj j 2500 2000 1500 7 1000 8 500 cm Fig. 5. The computer calculated difference spectrum of a used fresh oil. Reprinted with permission © 1983 Society of Automotive Engineers. oxidation, and the increase in the aromatics absorbance for fuel contamina­ tion. Depletion of the ZDDP and overbased additives is implied from the negative absorbances at 660 cm" 1 ,1000 cm"1 and 1520 cm"1 Work in the 1950s and 1960s showed that sludge and varnish formation in gasoline engines was fuel-derived, with the composition of the fuel, the levels of blow-by and concentrations of NO x and H N 0 3 playing a critical role.

Synthetic poly α-olefin basestocks generally give low levels of deposits and Rakawsky and Mequerion showed that paraffinic basestocks formed very little deposit when oxidised at 400°C, whereas with mixtures of paraffins and aromatics the amount of deposit increased and passed through a maximum as the level of aromatics increased. The ten­ dency of the aromatics to produce deposits was related to the number of benzylic hydrogens present [67]. 24 T. Oxidized Products —*■ Oil/Additive Degradation (Ring Zone) Condensation Products, Resins Heat NOx Top Groove Fill Varnish Heat Carbon Deposit Scheme 4.

Kreuz and Love [76] investigated the effect of S0 2 on hydrocarbon oxida­ tion and the reactions of S0 2 with hydroperoxides in an attempt to under­ stand more about the effect of sulphur on piston deposits. S0 2 was found to inhibit hydroperoxide formation during the autoxidation of tetralin but small amounts of resinous products were produced. i-Butyl hydroperoxide was rapidly decomposed by S0 2 , and H 2 S0 4 was identified as one of the products of the reaction. The following reactions were proposed: RH Oo ROOH-^- ROOH or ROOR H SO 2 Δ,Η20 ROSO3H *> R 2 C = O H SO 2 H 2 S0 4 1 Aldol condensation products (10) (ID 28 T.

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